2004 ELECTION ANALYSIS:

Multilingual Exit Polls Show How Asian Americans Voted in 2004

The Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund (AALDEF) released these findings from its national multilingual exit poll of almost 11,000 Asian American voters in the November 2004 Election, the largest nonpartisan survey of its kind in the nation.

In a prepared statement to the press, AALDEF Executive Director Margaret Fung said, “Multilingual exit polls reveal vital information about Asian American voting patterns that are regularly overlooked in mainstream voter surveys. This report demonstrates that Asian American voters are increasingly cohesive across ethnic lines. And because so many Asian Americans are first-time voters, language assistance at the polls should be expanded under the Voting Rights Act, to promote greater civic participation.”

The organization's publication, "The Asian American Vote 2004: A Report on the Multilingual Exit Poll in the 2004 Presidential Election," provides a snapshot of the voter preferences of Asian Americans in 20 cities in 8 states: New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Michigan, Illinois, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. The five largest Asian groups surveyed in 2004 were Chinese (46%), South Asian (25%), Korean (14%), Southeast Asian (6%), and Filipino (5%). Of this group, 82% were foreign born and 29% had no formal US education. More than a third (38%) were first-time voters. The report contains numerous tables and charts that describe the party enrollment, English proficiency and issue preferences of first-time voters, foreign-born voters, women voters, and young voters.

Specific highlights of the report include:

• Asian Americans were largely Democratic voters. Almost 60% of Asian Americans were registered Democrats, over a quarter were not enrolled in any political party, and only 1 in 7 Asian Americans were registered Republicans. By a 3 to 1 margin, Asian Americans favored Senator John Kerry over President George W. Bush, 74% to 24%, with 2% voting for other candidates. Among first-time Asian American voters, 78% voted for Kerry, 20% voted for Bush, and 2% voted for other candidates.


• Economy/jobs was the most important issue to Asian Americans in voting for President. Overall, the most important issues for voters were Economy/Jobs (26%), followed by the War in Iraq (16%), Terrorism/Security (16%) and Health Care (14%). Asian Americans who voted for Kerry were most influenced by the Economy/Jobs (29%), followed by the War in Iraq (18%) and Health Care (15%). Among Bush supporters, the most important factors influencing their vote for President were Terrorism/Security (33%), Economy/Jobs (18%), and the War in Iraq (11%).


• Asian Americans shared common political interests, even across ethnic lines. Regardless of ethnicity, almost all Asian ethnic groups voted as a bloc for the same candidates and identified common reasons for their vote. Civil Liberties was the top choice for each ethnic group, when voters were asked to select the most important civil rights/immigrants rights issue from the following choices: Affirmative Action, Civil Liberties, Deportation/Detention, Hate Crimes, Immigration Backlogs, Language Barriers to Services, Legalization of Immigrants, Racial Profiling, Voting/Political Representation, and Workers’ Rights.


• Asian Americans turned to ethnic media outlets for their main source of news. More than half (51%) of all respondents got their news about politics and community issues from the ethnic press, rather than from mainstream media outlets. The ethnic newspaper was the most common source among those using ethnic media. Over one-third (36%) of voters got their news from ethnic media sources in Asian languages.


• Language assistance and bilingual ballots are needed to preserve access to the vote. 41% of Asian Americans expressed that they were limited-English-proficient. Just 14% identified English as their native language. A number of poll sites were mandated to provide bilingual ballots and interpreters under the federal Voting Rights Act; other jurisdictions voluntarily provided language assistance. In the 2004 elections, almost a third of all respondents needed some form of language assistance to vote. The greatest beneficiaries of language assistance (46%) were first-time voters.

AALDEF has conducted exit polls of Asian American voters in every major election since 1988. Over 5,000 Asian New Yorkers and 3,000 Asian voters in 4 states (NY, NJ, MA, MI) were surveyed in AALDEF’s 2000 and 2002 exit polls, respectively.

Based on findings from the 2004 exit poll and AALDEF’s election monitoring efforts over the past decade, AALDEF will be advocating for the reauthorization of the Voting Rights Act in 2007, including expanded provisions for language assistance under section 203; more voluntary assistance in jurisdictions with growing Asian American populations that are limited-English-proficient; and the removal of barriers that deter new citizen voters from exercising their right to vote, including the discriminatory application of ID requirements under the Help America Vote Act (HAVA).

The 2004 multilingual exit poll was conducted in 23 Asian languages and dialects.